The Radiant City brought with it some controversy, as all Le Corbusier projects seemed to. The most apparent distinction between the Contemporary City and the Radiant City is that the latter abandoned the class-based system of the former, with housing now assigned according to family size, not economic position. In the 1930s, Le Corbusier reformulated his theories on urbanism, publishing them in La Ville radieuse ( The Radiant City) in 1935. Unfortunately, the chosen design and colors provoked hostility on the part of authorities, who refused to route the public water supply to the complex, and for six years the buildings sat uninhabited. In 1925-1926, he built a workers’ city of 40 houses in the style of the Citrohan house at Pessac, near Bordeaux. Soon Le Corbusier’s social ideals and structural design theories became a reality. In an accompanying diagram to the design, the city in which Citrohan would rest featured green parks and gardens at the feet of clusters of skyscrapers, an idea that would come to define urban planning in years to come. The interior featured the typical spatial contrast between open living space and cell-like bedrooms.
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Maison Citrohan displayed the characteristics by which the architect would later define modern architecture: support pillars that raise the house above the ground, a roof terrace, an open floor plan, an ornamentation-free facade and horizontal windows in strips for maximum natural light. Le Corbusier envisioned prefabricated houses, imitating the concept of assembly line manufacturing of cars, for instance. His proposals included his first city plan, the Contemporary City, and two housing types that were the basis for much of his architecture throughout his life: the Maison Monol and, more famously, the Maison Citrohan, which he also referred to as “the machine of living.” Le Corbusier’s collected articles also proposed a new architecture that would satisfy the demands of industry, hence functionalism, and the abiding concerns of architectural form, as defined over generations. Next, open Notes and go to File > Import Notes. In the book are such famous Le Corbusier declarations as “a house is a machine for living in” and “a curved street is a donkey track a straight street, a road for men.” Citrohan and the Contemporary City From the Export window, choose a name for your export file and keep the default format, which should be Evernote XML Format (.enex). In 1923, Le Corbusier published Vers une Architecture ( Toward a New Architecture), which collected his polemical writing from L’Esprit Nouveau. In the pages of L’Esprit Nouveau, the three men railed against past artistic and architectural movements, such as those embracing elaborate nonstructural (that is, nonfunctional) decoration, and defended Le Corbusier’s new style of functionalism.
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